Contributions to human healthcare

The following studies aim to describe and quantify the contributions of animal studies to human healthcare. Topics explored include: the frequency of translation of putative clinical interventions (such as pharmaceuticals) from animal to human trials, and the level of concordance between animal and human outcomes; the contribution of animal models to the development of clinical interventions targeting important human diseases; their predictivity for important human toxicities; their clinical utility within certain countries; the clinical utility of primates and of genetically modified animals (both of which are particularly ethically controversial); and of animal models overall – particularly as indicated by large-scale systematic reviews.


Translation to human clinical trials

• Highly cited animal studies. Hackam & Redelmeier 2006, JAMA. [research letter]
• History. Greek et al. 2012 [article]
• Methodological quality of animal studies. Vogt et al. 2016, PLoS Biol.
• Methodological quality of animal studies. Hackam 2007, BMJ. [editorial]

• Methodological quality of animal studies. Martic-Kehl et al. 2012, Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging.
• Methodological quality of animal studies. Van der Worp et al. 2010, PLoS Med.

• Systematic reviews. Greek et al. 2013, Int J Med Sci. [article]
• Various animal studies. Perel et al. 2007, BMJ. [article & report]
• Various animal studies. Pound et al. 2004, BMJ. [article]

Specific diseases

• ADHD. Carvalho et al 2016. ALTEX [article]
• Cancer research. Dagg 2000. J Appl Anim Welf Sci. [article]

• Fluid resuscitation. Roberts et al. 2002, BMJ. [article]
• Hypertension. Stingl et al. 2009, ALTEX. [article]
• Inflammatory diseases. Seok et al. 2013, PNAS. [article]
• Psychiatry. Menache 2012, Psych Times. [article]
• Stroke. Horn et al. 2001, Stroke. [article]
• Stroke. O'Collins et al. 2006, Ann Neurol. [article]
• Stroke. Sena et al. 2010, PLoS Biol. [article]

Specific countries

• Canadian studies. Dagg & Seidle 2004, J Appl Anim Welf Sci. [articles]
• German studies. Lindl et al. 2005, 2006 & 2011, ALTEX. [article, letter & lecture abstract]

Toxicity assessment

• Carcinogenicity. Knight et al. 2005 & 2006, BMJ USA & Altern Lab Anim. [articles, editorial & scientific posters]
• Methodological quality. Robertson 2008, Chem Res Toxicol. [article]
• Teratogenicity. Bailey et al. 2005, Biogenic Amines. [article]

• Overall. Hartung 2008, ALTEX. [article]

Primate models

• Chimpanzees: AIDS. Bailey 2008, Altern Lab Anim. [article]
• Chimpanzees: cancer. Bailey 2009, Altern Lab Anim. [article]
• Chimpanzees: hepatitis C. Bailey 2010, Altern Lab Anim. [article]
• Chimpanzees: hepatitis C. Bettauer 2010, J Med Primatol. [article]
• Chimpanzees: monoclonal antibodies. Bettauer 2011, ALTEX. [article]

• Chimpanzees: overall. Altevogt et al. 2011, Science [article]
• Chimpanzees: overall. Knight 2007 - 2008, 2012, J Appl Anim Welf Sci, AATEX & Philos Ethics Humanit Med. [articles & scientific posters]

• Primates. Bailey 2005, Biogenic Amines. [article]
• Primates. Knight 2012, AATEX. [article]

Miscellaneous

• Genetically modified animals. Lynch 2009, Yale J Biol Med. [article]

• Overall. Matthews RA 2008, J R Soc Med. [article]
• Overall. Knight 2007 - 2008, Altern Lab Anim, Reviews Recent Clin Trials & AATEX. [articles & scientific poster]